Types of Skin Cancer: Signs, Risks & What to Look For
Skin cancer occurs when abnormal skin cells multiply uncontrollably, most often due to long-term exposure to UV radiation from the sun or indoor tanning.
The good news: when detected early, most skin cancers are highly treatable.
Some medical information is informed by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD).
For patients who want to learn more about skin health or schedule a skin evaluation, our team provides comprehensive care through our
General Dermatology Services.
What Is Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer begins when UV-related DNA damage causes skin cells to grow and divide abnormally.
It is not contagious, and cannot be passed from person to person.
The type of skin cancer depends on which skin cell becomes cancerous:
- Basal cells → Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
- Squamous cells → Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
- Melanocytes → Melanoma
Below are the most common types, what they look like, and who is more likely to develop them.
Common Types of Skin Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
The most common form of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma often presents as:
- A pearly or flesh-colored bump
- A shiny or translucent growth
- A pink patch of skin that slowly enlarges
Who Gets It?
BCC commonly affects people with fair skin, although anyone of any skin tone can develop it.
Where It Appears
Because BCC is usually related to long-term sun exposure, it often develops on the:
- Face
- Neck
- Scalp
- Arms
But it may also appear on the chest, abdomen, or legs.
Why Early Treatment Matters
If untreated, BCC may grow deeper into the skin and can damage nerves, cartilage, or bone.
For diagnosis and individualized treatment options, visit our Skin Cancer Treatment page (skin-cancer treatment information is included within our general dermatology care).
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
The second most common skin cancer
SCC may appear as:
- A red, firm bump
- A rough, scaly patch
- A wound that heals and reopens
Who Gets It?
SCC occurs more frequently in people with light skin, but individuals with darker skin types can develop it as well.
Where It Appears
SCC commonly develops in areas that receive frequent sun exposure, including:
- The ears
- Face
- Neck
- Arms
- Chest
- Back
Why Early Treatment Matters
SCC has a greater chance of spreading than BCC if ignored.
If you notice a suspicious lesion, we encourage you to schedule an evaluation through our New Patient Page.
Actinic Keratoses (AKs)
Precancerous skin changes
Actinic keratoses are dry, rough, or scaly spots caused by years of UV exposure.
They are not yet cancer, but are considered precancerous because some may progress into squamous cell carcinoma.
Who Gets Them?
AKs are most common in individuals with fair or sun-sensitive skin.
Where They Form
- The face
- Scalp
- Ears
- Neck
- Forearms
- Hands
Why Treat AKs?
Treating AKs helps prevent their progression to skin cancer.
For evaluation or treatment options, visit our General Dermatology Services.
Melanoma
The most serious form of skin cancer
Melanoma begins in melanocytes, the cells that give skin its pigment.
It may develop:
- Within an existing mole, or
- As a new dark spot that stands out from surrounding moles
Why Early Detection Is Critical
Melanoma can spread rapidly, which makes early diagnosis essential.
Our dermatology team provides thorough skin checks at both our Los Alamitos & Agoura Hills Offices.
To help identify suspicious moles, dermatologists recommend following the ABCDE rule:
- Asymmetry
- Border irregularity
- Color variation
- Diameter larger than a pencil eraser
- Evolving or changing appearance
Protecting Your Skin
Performing self-checks and keeping up with regular dermatology visits can make a life-saving difference.
If you notice a mole that changes, bleeds, or doesn’t heal, we encourage you to schedule an appointment through our
New Patients Page or contact one of our local offices.